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While venous insufficiency is not immediately fatal on its own, it can lead to dangerous complications that may result in death if left untreated. The condition is progressive, and the risk of life-threatening events increases as it worsens over time.
Life-threatening complications
Pulmonary embolism (PE): This is the most serious and potentially fatal complication. Venous insufficiency increases the risk of developing a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a blood clot in a deep leg vein. If this clot dislodges and travels to the lungs, it causes a pulmonary embolism, which blocks blood flow and can be deadly. The CDC reports that up to 100,000 Americans die each year from DVT-related PE.
Sepsis from infection: In advanced cases, chronic venous insufficiency can cause venous ulcers (open sores on the legs) that do not heal. These wounds are prone to infection, which can lead to cellulitis, a bacterial skin infection. If the infection is not controlled, it can spread into the bloodstream and cause sepsis, a life-threatening medical emergency.
Amputation: In rare, extreme cases, uncontrolled infection in a venous ulcer can lead to gangrene, which is tissue death. If the infection spreads uncontrollably, amputation may be necessary to save the patient's life.
Cardiovascular strain: Venous insufficiency can create a dangerous cycle with other cardiovascular conditions, like heart failure, by increasing pressure in the veins and putting extra strain on the heart. Some studies have found that chronic venous insufficiency is associated with an elevated, independent risk of all-cause mortality.
The importance of early treatment
While the risk of a fatal event is not guaranteed, it is a serious possibility if venous insufficiency is ignored. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical for managing the condition and preventing it from progressing to the stage where serious complications can occur.
Treatments and preventative measures often include:
Wearing compression stockings
Elevating the legs
Regular exercise
Minimally invasive vein procedures
If you have symptoms like persistent leg swelling, pain, or skin changes, it is important to see a healthcare provider for an evaluation.
This is for informational purposes only. For medical advice or diagnosis, consult a professional. AI responses may include mistakes. Learn more