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What are the bonds between phosphates in ATP?


1 What are the bonds between phosphates in ATP?
2 What is stored in the bonds of ATP?
3 Is glucose 6 phosphate a high energy compound?
4 Why is the bond between the second and third phosphates in ATP so important?
5 What happens to ATP when phosphate is cut loose?
6 Why is the beta phosphate bond considered high energy?
What are the bonds between phosphates in ATP?
ATP is a nucleotide consisting of an adenine base attached to a ribose sugar, which is attached to three phosphate groups. These three phosphate groups are linked to one another by two high-energy bonds called phosphoanhydride bonds.

What is stored in the bonds of ATP?
Adenosine Triphosphate Energy is stored in the bonds joining the phosphate groups (yellow). The covalent bond holding the third phosphate group carries about 7,300 calories of energy. Food molecules are the $1,000 dollar bills of energy storage.

What is ATP and what happens when the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate are broken?

ATP is adenosine triphosphate, which means it is a molecule of adenosine (adenine and ribose) chemically bonded to three phosphate groups. The chemical bond between the second and third phosphate groups is a high energy bond. When that bond is broken, energy is released, producing ADP (adenosine diphosphate).

In which phosphate bond of ATP is the most energy stored?

So the energy from cellular respiration is stored in the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups of ATP. When the cell needs energy to do work, ATP loses its 3rd phosphate group, releasing energy stored in the bond that the cell can use to do work.

Is glucose 6 phosphate a high energy compound?
“High-energy” compounds have a ΔG°’ of hydrolysis more negative than -25 kJ/mol; “low-energy” compounds have a less negative ΔG°’ ATP, for which ΔG°’ of hydrolysis is -30.5 kJ/mol (-7.3 kcal/mol), is a high-energy compound; glucose-6-phosphate, with a standard free energy of hydrolysis of -13.8 kJ/mol (-3.3 kcal/mol).

Why is the bond between the second and third phosphates in ATP so important?
Energy is stored in the covalent bonds between phosphates, with the greatest amount of energy (approximately 7 kcal/mole) in the bond between the second and third phosphate groups. Thus, ATP is the higher energy form (the recharged battery) while ADP is the lower energy form (the used battery).

Is glucose 1 phosphate a high energy compound?

ATP is not the only high-energy compound needed for metabolism. For example, the hydrolysis of ATP provides sufficient energy for the phosphorylation of glucose to form glucose 1-phosphate.

What does the 6 represent in glucose-6-phosphate?

Glucose 6-phosphate (G6P, sometimes called the Robison ester) is a glucose sugar phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6. In addition to these two metabolic pathways, glucose 6-phosphate may also be converted to glycogen or starch for storage.

What happens to ATP when phosphate is cut loose?
When the terminal (third) phosphate is cut loose, ATP becomes ADP ( Adenosine diphosphate; di= two), and the stored energy is released for some biological process to utilize. The input of additional energy (plus a phosphate group) “recharges” ADP into ATP (as in my analogy the spent batteries are recharged by the input of additional energy).

Why is the beta phosphate bond considered high energy?
The bond between the beta and gamma phosphate is considered “high-energy” because when the bond breaks, the products [adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and one inorganic phosphate group (P i)] have a lower free energy than the reactants (ATP and a water molecule).

What is the chemical formula for the release of ATP?

The chemical formula for the expenditure/release of ATP energy can be written as: a) in chemicalese: ATP —-> ADP + energy + Pi. b) in English Adenosine Triphosphate produces Adenosine diphosphate + energy + inorganic Phosphate. An analogy between ATP and rechargeable batteries is appropriate.

What happens when a chemical bond in ATP is broken?

When the chemical bonds within ATP are broken, energy is released and can be harnessed for cellular work. The more bonds in a molecule, the more potential energy it contains. Because the bond in ATP is so easily broken and reformed, ATP is like a rechargeable battery that powers cellular process ranging from DNA replication to protein synthesis.